SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    8406, 8409, 8411, 8413, 8416, 8420, 8421, 
    8424, 8430, 8431, 8432, 8433, 8436, 
    8438, 8443, 8444
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00037

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id", "idx_product_lang"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (8406,8409,8411,8413,8416,8420,8421,8424,8430,8431,8432,8433,8436,8438,8443,8444) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id unit_name
8406
8409
8411
8413
8416
8420
8421
8424
8430
8431
8432
8433
8436
8438
8443
8444