SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    23279, 23280, 23281, 23282, 23283, 23284, 
    23285, 23286, 23287, 23288, 23289, 
    23290, 23291, 23292, 23293, 23294
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00032

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (23279,23280,23281,23282,23283,23284,23285,23286,23287,23288,23289,23290,23291,23292,23293,23294) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}