SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_mb_ali_products 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    23311, 23312, 23313, 23314, 23315, 23316, 
    23317, 23318, 23319, 23320, 23321, 
    23322, 23323, 23324, 23325, 23326
  )

Query time 0.00013

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_mb_ali_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_mb_ali_products.product_id in (23311,23312,23313,23314,23315,23316,23317,23318,23319,23320,23321,23322,23323,23324,23325,23326)",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}