SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    8500, 8501, 8502, 8514, 8519, 8520, 8521, 
    8522, 8524, 8525, 8526, 8527, 8528, 
    8529, 8530, 8539
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00027

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (8500,8501,8502,8514,8519,8520,8521,8522,8524,8525,8526,8527,8528,8529,8530,8539) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}