SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    23007, 23008, 23009, 23010, 23011, 23012, 
    23013, 23014, 23015, 23016, 23017, 
    23018, 23019, 23020, 23021, 23022
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00069

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (23007,23008,23009,23010,23011,23012,23013,23014,23015,23016,23017,23018,23019,23020,23021,23022) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}