SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_mb_ali_products 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    22879, 22880, 22881, 22882, 22883, 22884, 
    22885, 22886, 22887, 22888, 22889, 
    22890, 22891, 22892, 22893, 22894
  )

Query time 0.00020

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_mb_ali_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_mb_ali_products.product_id in (22879,22880,22881,22882,22883,22884,22885,22886,22887,22888,22889,22890,22891,22892,22893,22894)",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}