SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_mb_ali_products 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    22431, 22432, 22433, 22434, 22435, 22436, 
    22437, 22438, 22439, 22440, 22441, 
    22442, 22443, 22444, 22445, 22446
  )

Query time 0.00015

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_mb_ali_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_mb_ali_products.product_id in (22431,22432,22433,22434,22435,22436,22437,22438,22439,22440,22441,22442,22443,22444,22445,22446)",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}