SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    22127, 22128, 22129, 22130, 22131, 22132, 
    22133, 22134, 22135, 22136, 22137, 
    22138, 22139, 22140, 22141, 22142
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00027

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (22127,22128,22129,22130,22131,22132,22133,22134,22135,22136,22137,22138,22139,22140,22141,22142) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}