SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    22159, 22160, 22161, 22162, 22163, 22164, 
    22165, 22166, 22167, 22168, 22169, 
    22170, 22171, 22172, 22173, 22174
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00027

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (22159,22160,22161,22162,22163,22164,22165,22166,22167,22168,22169,22170,22171,22172,22173,22174) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}