SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    22031, 22032, 22033, 22034, 22035, 22036, 
    22037, 22038, 22039, 22040, 22041, 
    22042, 22043, 22044, 22045, 22046
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00028

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (22031,22032,22033,22034,22035,22036,22037,22038,22039,22040,22041,22042,22043,22044,22045,22046) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}