SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    21743, 21744, 21745, 21746, 21747, 21748, 
    21749, 21750, 21751, 21752, 21753, 
    21754, 21755, 21756, 21757, 21758
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00310

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (21743,21744,21745,21746,21747,21748,21749,21750,21751,21752,21753,21754,21755,21756,21757,21758) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}