SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    21277, 21278, 21279, 21280, 21281, 21282, 
    21283, 21284, 21285, 21286, 21287, 
    21288, 21289, 21290, 21291, 21292
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00039

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (21277,21278,21279,21280,21281,21282,21283,21284,21285,21286,21287,21288,21289,21290,21291,21292) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}