SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    20813, 20814, 20815, 20816, 20817, 20818, 
    20819, 20820, 20821, 20822, 20823, 
    20824, 20825, 20826, 20827, 20828
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00030

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (20813,20814,20815,20816,20817,20818,20819,20820,20821,20822,20823,20824,20825,20826,20827,20828) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}