SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    21053, 21054, 21055, 21056, 21057, 21058, 
    21059, 21060, 21061, 21062, 21063, 
    21064, 21065, 21066, 21067, 21068
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00045

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id", "idx_product_lang"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (21053,21054,21055,21056,21057,21058,21059,21060,21061,21062,21063,21064,21065,21066,21067,21068) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}