SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    20605, 20606, 20607, 20608, 20609, 20610, 
    20611, 20612, 20613, 20614, 20615, 
    20616, 20617, 20618, 20619, 20620
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00070

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id", "idx_product_lang"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (20605,20606,20607,20608,20609,20610,20611,20612,20613,20614,20615,20616,20617,20618,20619,20620) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id unit_name
20605
20606
20607
20608
20609
20610
20611
20612
20613
20614
20615
20616
20617
20618
20619
20620