SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    20509, 20510, 20511, 20512, 20513, 20514, 
    20515, 20516, 20517, 20518, 20519, 
    20520, 20521, 20522, 20523, 20524
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00153

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "206",
      "used_key_parts": ["object_id", "type", "dispatch", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (20509,20510,20511,20512,20513,20514,20515,20516,20517,20518,20519,20520,20521,20522,20523,20524) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
20509 vanity-mirror-assy-rear-ru-3 499/517/580
20510 plug-trim-mounting-ru 499/517/580
20511 wiring-assembly-loop-ru-9 499/517/580
20512 microphone-assembly-active-road-noise-control-ru-3 499/517/580
20513 trim-assembly-luggage-side-left-ru-7 499/517/574
20514 cover-luggage-side-trim-left-ru-4 499/517/574
20515 cover-luggage-side-right-ru-6 499/517/574
20516 trim-assembly-luggage-side-right-ru-8 499/517/574
20517 tray-assembly-luggage-side-right 499/517/574
20518 handle-assembly-luggage-floor-box 499/517/574
20519 tray-side-cover 499/517/574
20520 tray-assembly-luggage-ru 499/517/574
20521 tray-assembly-luggage-side-left 499/517/574
20522 case-assembly-cap 499/517/574
20523 tray-cover-battery-ru 499/517/574
20524 clip-spring-trim-mounting 499/517/574