SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    19981, 19982, 19983, 19984, 19985, 19986, 
    19987, 19988, 19989, 19990, 19991, 
    19992, 19993, 19994, 19995, 19996
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00026

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (19981,19982,19983,19984,19985,19986,19987,19988,19989,19990,19991,19992,19993,19994,19995,19996) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}