SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_mb_ali_products 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    19661, 19662, 19663, 19664, 19665, 19666, 
    19667, 19668, 19669, 19670, 19671, 
    19672, 19673, 19674, 19675, 19676
  )

Query time 0.00014

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_mb_ali_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_mb_ali_products.product_id in (19661,19662,19663,19664,19665,19666,19667,19668,19669,19670,19671,19672,19673,19674,19675,19676)",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}