SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_mb_ali_products 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    19405, 19406, 19407, 19408, 19409, 19410, 
    19411, 19412, 19413, 19414, 19415, 
    19416, 19417, 19418, 19419, 19420
  )

Query time 0.00074

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_mb_ali_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_mb_ali_products.product_id in (19405,19406,19407,19408,19409,19410,19411,19412,19413,19414,19415,19416,19417,19418,19419,19420)",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}