SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_mb_ali_products 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    17433, 17434, 17435, 17436, 17437, 17438, 
    17439, 17440, 17441, 17442, 17443, 
    17444, 17445, 17446, 17447, 17448
  )

Query time 0.00016

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_mb_ali_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_mb_ali_products.product_id in (17433,17434,17435,17436,17437,17438,17439,17440,17441,17442,17443,17444,17445,17446,17447,17448)",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}