SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_mb_ali_products 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    18349, 18350, 18351, 18352, 18353, 18354, 
    18355, 18356, 18357, 18358, 18359, 
    18360, 18361, 18362, 18363, 18364
  )

Query time 0.00014

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_mb_ali_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_mb_ali_products.product_id in (18349,18350,18351,18352,18353,18354,18355,18356,18357,18358,18359,18360,18361,18362,18363,18364)",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}